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Economic hardship and sexually transmitted diseases in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley. / D.W. Fitzgerald in American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 62(2002)4 ([04/01/2000])  

[article] Economic hardship and sexually transmitted diseases in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley. [printed text] / D.W. Fitzgerald, Author ; F. Behets, Author ; Angela M. Caliendo, Author ; Dominique Roberfroid , Author ; C. Lucet, Author ; J.W. Fitzgerald, Author ; L. Kuykens, Author . - 2000 . - 496-501. Languages : English (eng) in American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene > 62(2002)4 [04/01/2000] . - 496-501 Descriptors: Classification W 1 Serials. Periodicals Indexation Adult ; Age Factors ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Haiti ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Journal Article ; Male ; Peer Review ; Poverty Areas ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Socioeconomic Factors ; statistics and numerical data [Subheading] ; United States Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the prevalence rate and risk factors for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in Haiti's rural Artibonite Valley. Women attending antenatal services at Hospital Albert Schweitzer from October to December 1996 were tested for gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomonas, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Of the 476 women tested, 121 (25.4%) had trichomonas, 11/475 (2.3%) had gonorrhea, 51/475 (10.7%) had chlamydia, 32/474 (6.8%) were seropositive for syphilis, 20/469 (4.3%) were seropositive for HIV, and 191 (40.1%) had at least one STD. Nearly 30% of the women reported having entered a sexual relationship out of economic necessity and had increased odds of HIV infection, Odds Ratio (OR) 6.3 (P < 0.001). We postulate that due to recent economic hardship in rural Haiti, women are entering into sexual relationships out of economic necessity and that this trend is contributing to the growing HIV epidemic. We recommend STD prevention and development programs that target young people and economically disadvantaged women. Link for e-copy: http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/reprint/62/4/496 Format of e-copy: PDF [Open Access] (Embargo 1 years) Record link: https://kce.docressources.info/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2066 [article]

Prevalence, burden, and control of syphilis in Haiti's rural Artibonite region / D.W. Fitzgerald in International journal of infectious diseases, 2(1998)4 ([01/01/1998])  

[article] Prevalence, burden, and control of syphilis in Haiti's rural Artibonite region [printed text] / D.W. Fitzgerald, Author ; F. Behets, Author ; C. Lucet, Author ; Dominique Roberfroid , Author . - 1998 . - 127-31. Languages : English (eng) in International journal of infectious diseases > 2(1998)4 [01/01/1998] . - 127-31 Descriptors: Classification W 1 Serials. Periodicals Indexation Cost of Illness ; Female ; Haiti ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Journal Article ; Netherlands ; Peer Review ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; Program Evaluation ; Rural Population ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Congenital ; United States Abstract: OBJECTIVES: A study was conducted to determine the prevalence and health consequences of syphilis and to evaluate existing control measures in a Haitian rural district of 200,000 people served by 12 community dispensaries and Hospital Albert Schweitzer. METHODS: Syphilis seroprevalence among consecutive women receiving antenatal services was assessed using rapid plasma reagin (RPR) screening and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) confirmatory testing. Hospital and dispensary records were used to review genital ulcer disease and syphilis cases seen during 1995. RESULTS: Of 811 pregnant women attending prenatal clinics during a 3-month period in 1996, 46 (5.7%) were RPR reactive. Syphilis seroreactivity was confirmed in 45 (97.8%) of 46 samples by FTA-ABS. Of 649 women attending dispensaries in the valley 41 (6.3%) were syphilis seroreactive compared with 4 (2.5%) of 162 women attending dispensaries in the mountains (OR = 2.66; P = 0.056). In 1995, 620 cases of genital ulcer disease were seen at the community dispensaries. At the central hospital, 257 new diagnoses of syphilis were made in 1995, including 30 cases of primary and secondary syphilis, 168 cases of latent disease, 17 cases of recurrent infection, 9 cases of tertiary disease, and 33 cases of congenital syphilis. CONCLUSIONS: The 33 cases of congenital syphilis, a rate of 550 cases for 100,000 live births, clearly demonstrated a failure of local control measures. Decentralized prenatal screening for syphilis, same-day treatment of seroreactors, and strengthened partner treatment were initiated. Further studies to improve primary prevention of syphilis in rural populations have been started. Other strategies, including mass treatment of high-risk groups, should be investigated. Link for e-copy: http://tiny.cc/wxv5i Format of e-copy: VDIC IP recognition (ScienceDirect, 1996 to present) Record link: https://kce.docressources.info/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2068 [article]

Processed complementary food does not improve growth or hemoglobin status of rural tanzanian infants from 6-12 months of age in Kilosa district, Tanzania / P.S. Mamiro in The Journal of nutrition, 134(2004)5 ([05/01/2004])  

[article] Processed complementary food does not improve growth or hemoglobin status of rural tanzanian infants from 6-12 months of age in Kilosa district, Tanzania [printed text] / P.S. Mamiro, Author ; Patrick Kolsteren, Author ; John Van Camp, Author ; Dominique Roberfroid , Author ; Simon Talala, Author ; A.S. Opsomer, Author . - 2004 . - 1084-90. Languages : English (eng) in The Journal of nutrition > 134(2004)5 [05/01/2004] . - 1084-90 Descriptors: Classification W 1 Serials. Periodicals Indexation Double-Blind Method ; Food Handling ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Infant ; Journal Article ; Nutritive Value ; Patient Compliance ; Peer Review ; Rural Population ; Tanzania ; United States Abstract: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted from March 2001 to March 2002 involving 309 infants who received either a processed complementary food (CF) or an unprocessed placebo from 6 to 12 mo of age. The groups were comparable in baseline characteristics. The study took place in Kilosa district, Tanzania. The processed CF contained germinated, autoclaved, and dried finger millet (65.2%), kidney beans (19.1%), roasted-peanuts (8%), and mango purée (7.7%). The same blend, but not processed, served as the placebo. Processing increased iron solubility and energy density without affecting viscosity. Mean length for age, weight for age, hemoglobin, and zinc protoporphyrin at 6 and 12 mo did not differ between the 2 groups. The results show that the processed food did not differ from the unprocessed placebo in improving growth, hemoglobin, and iron status of infants when given under the study conditions. The control group consumed equal amounts of macronutrients, and the higher energy density in this study did not seem to have any benefits. In our study, there was a very intensive follow-up; at every encounter with mothers, giving the required amounts and adding extra lipids was strongly reinforced. Under those conditions, a well-balanced complementary food with additional lipids can meet the energy needs of young children. The reduction in phytates by 34% and improvement in iron solubility to 19% due to processing might not have been enough to compensate for the rather low iron content of the complementary food. Link for e-copy: http://vdic.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/reprint/134/5/108 [...] Format of e-copy: VDIC IP recognition (1928 to present) Record link: https://kce.docressources.info/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2033 [article]

Validity of photographs for food portion estimation in a rural West African setting / Lieven Huybregts in Public Health Nutrition, 11(2008)6 ([06/02/2008])  

[article] Validity of photographs for food portion estimation in a rural West African setting [printed text] / Lieven Huybregts, Author ; Dominique Roberfroid , Author ; Carl Lachat ; John Van Camp ; Patrick Kolsteren . - 2008 . - 581-587. Languages : English (eng) in Public Health Nutrition > 11(2008)6 [06/02/2008] . - 581-587 Descriptors: Classification W 1 Serials. Periodicals Indexation Adolescent ; Adult ; Burkina Faso ; Diet Surveys ; Educational Status ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Journal Article ; Mental Recall ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Assessment ; Peer Review ; Rural Population ; statistics and numerical data [Subheading] Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To validate food photographs for food portion size estimation of frequently consumed dishes, to be used in a 24-hour recall food consumption study of pregnant women in a rural environment in Burkina Faso. This food intake study is part of an intervention evaluating the efficacy of prenatal micronutrient supplementation on birth outcomes. SUBJECTS: Women of childbearing age (15-45 years). DESIGN: A food photograph album containing four photographs of food portions per food item was compiled for eight selected food items. Subjects were presented two food items each in the morning and two in the afternoon. These foods were weighed to the exact weight of a food depicted in one of the photographs and were in the same receptacles. The next day another fieldworker presented the food photographs to the subjects to test their ability to choose the correct photograph. RESULTS: The correct photograph out of the four proposed was chosen in 55% of 1028 estimations. For each food, proportions of underestimating and overestimating participants were balanced, except for rice and couscous. On a group level, mean differences between served and estimated portion sizes were between -8.4% and 6.3%. Subjects who attended school were almost twice as likely to choose the correct photograph. The portion size served (small vs. largest sizes) had a significant influence on the portion estimation ability. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that in a West African rural setting, food photographs can be a valuable tool for the quantification of food portion size on group level. Link for e-copy: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&pdftype=1&fid=187410 [...] Format of e-copy: PDF [Open Access] (Embargo 1 years) (1998 to present) Record link: https://kce.docressources.info/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1871 [article]